Trevor Story attended Irving High School in Irving, Texas and played as a shortstop and pitcher. He also played for the football team as a quarterback, but stopped after his sophomore year so that he could focus on baseball.

The Colorado Rockies selected him in the first round of the 2011 MLB draft. After he signed with the Rockies, he played for the Casper Ghosts of the Pioneer League and then played for the Single-A Asheville Tourists where he was named an All-Star.

Trevor played for the Single-A Modesto Nuts in 2013, but he struggled, and was sent down to the Tri-City Dust Devils, where he excelled, with a .322 batting average and 20 stolen bases. He was then promoted to the Double-A Tulsa Drillers, but again struggled, batting only .205.

With Troy Tulowitzki playing shortstop for the Rockies, Trevor was wanted to gain experience as a second baseman and third baseman. He began the 2015 season with the Double-A New Britain Rock Cats and was promoted to the Triple-A Albuquerque Isotopes.

During the 2015 season, the Rockies traded Tulowitzki, and Trevor was added to their 40-man roster after the season. An entire fanbase had just watched one of the best to ever do it at shortstop for nearly a decade, and nothing Trevor would do was ever going to measure up. And, playing just to his right, was Nolan Arenado, who was already in the conversation as the greatest defensive third baseman ever. So his measuring would be two of the game's best.

But Trevor had a .340 batting average during spring training and made the Opening Day roster as the Rockies' starting shortstop.

In his debut against the Arizona Diamondbacks, his first career hit was a three-run home run in his second major league at bat. He hit another home run in his next plate appearance.

The following day, he hit another home run, in his fourth game, he hit two home runs, and hit another home run in his sixth game, setting the MLB record with seven home runs in a team's first six games, eclipsing the previous record of six home runs in six games set by Larry Walker, Mike Schmidt and Willie Mays.

After finishing the month leading all MLB rookies with 10 home runs, Trevor was the National League "Rookie of the Month" for April.

In August however, he went on the 15-day disabled list due to a torn ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb. He had surgery on the thumb and missed the rest of the season.

His 2017 season became somewhat less consistent as he finished the year with a .239 batting average, and also struck out an NL-leading 191 times.

The following season, he batted .284 with 17 home runs, and was named to the 2018 NL All-Star team. In September, he hit three home runs, the second of which was measured at 487 feet .

In May 2019, Trevor hit his 100th and 101st home runs, and became the fastest shortstop to reach this mark, surpassing Alex Rodriguez. For the season, he hit .294 with 35 home runs.

Trevor made more defensive errors at shortstop than any other major league shortstop in 2020, but also led the National League with 15 stolen bases and four triples. He had a .251 average with 24 home runs in 2021 and declined a qualifying offer from the Rockies, to become a free agent instead.

In March 2022, he signed a six-year deal with the Red Sox and became the team's regular second baseman with Xander Bogaerts as the shortstop.

In a ten game stretch over 11 games into mid-May, Trevor hit .313 with eight home runs. This included a three home run and seven RBI performance in a 12–6 win over the Mariners on May 19th.

After this stretch, Trevor began to cool off, not hitting another home run until mid-June. In July, he was placed on the injured list due to a contusion to his right hand when he was hit by a pitch in a game against the Tampa Bay Rays. He remained on the injured list, being activated at the end of August, but returned to the injured list in late September due to a left heel injury, and did not play for the rest of the season.

In 2023, with Xander Bogaerts gone, Trevor was expected to return to shortstop, following in the footsteps of yet another franchise great, who held the position for about a decade. There was probably never been a player as good as Trevor that consistently had to deal with so many shadows throughout his career.

Unfortunately, in January, Trevor underwent surgery on his right elbow and was placed on the 60-day injured list. He returned in August and appeared in 43 games while batting only .203.

Trevor began the 2024 season full of hope as the Sox regular shortstop. But on April 6th, following a shoulder injury in a game against the Angels, he underwent surgery again and was expected to miss the rest of the year.

Story began the 2025 season as the Sox regular shortstop. On July 12th, he recorded his 1,000th career hit when he hit a stand-up double to right field in the fifth inning against the Tampa Bay Rays.

Story was named the American League Player of the Week for the week of July 28. In 5 games that week, Story batted .500 with 3 HRs and 8 RBIs.

On August 23rd, he reached 20 home runs for the first time since 2021. On August 26th, he hit his 200th career home run. With that homer, he becomes only the seventh player since 2016 to record 200 home runs and 150 stolen bases. He finished the season with a slash line of .263/.329/.433 with 25 home runs, 96 RBIs, and 31 stolen bases in 157 games.